Mastering Algebraic Word Problems for GRE
Algebraic word problems are a cornerstone of the GRE Quantitative Reasoning section. They test your ability to translate real-world scenarios into mathematical equations and solve them. This module will equip you with strategies to confidently tackle these problems.
Deconstructing Word Problems: The Core Strategy
The key to solving word problems lies in a systematic approach. It's not just about knowing algebra; it's about understanding the narrative and converting it into a solvable mathematical structure. We'll break this down into actionable steps.
Common Types of Algebraic Word Problems
GRE word problems often fall into recurring categories. Recognizing these patterns can significantly speed up your problem-solving process.
Problem Type | Key Concepts | Example Scenario |
---|---|---|
Rate, Time, and Distance | Distance = Rate × Time (d=rt) | Two cars traveling towards each other. |
Work Problems | Combined Rate = Individual Rate 1 + Individual Rate 2 | Two people painting a fence. |
Mixture Problems | Concentration = Amount of Solute / Total Amount of Solution | Mixing two solutions of different concentrations. |
Age Problems | Representing ages at different points in time | Comparing ages of siblings now and in the future. |
Ratio and Proportion | Setting up equivalent ratios | Dividing items based on a given ratio. |
Rate, Time, and Distance: A Deeper Dive
Problems involving movement are very common. The fundamental formula is Distance = Rate × Time (d=rt). Remember that rates can be additive (if moving towards each other) or subtractive (if one is catching up to another).
Consider two trains, Train A and Train B, starting at opposite ends of a 300-mile track and moving towards each other. Train A travels at 60 mph, and Train B travels at 90 mph. To find out when they meet, we can set up an equation. Let 't' be the time in hours until they meet. The distance Train A covers is 60t, and the distance Train B covers is 90t. Since they cover the entire track together, the sum of their distances equals the total track length: 60t + 90t = 300. This simplifies to 150t = 300, so t = 2 hours. This visual represents the concept of combined distance covered over time.
Text-based content
Library pages focus on text content
Work Problems: Collaborative Efforts
In work problems, we often deal with individuals or groups completing a task. The key is to think in terms of 'rates of work.' If someone can complete a job in 'x' hours, their rate of work is 1/x of the job per hour. When multiple entities work together, their rates add up.
1/4 of the room per hour.
Strategies for Success
Beyond understanding the types, specific strategies can enhance your performance on GRE word problems.
Read the question carefully, not just once, but multiple times. Identify what is being asked for before you start solving.
Draw diagrams or create tables. Visualizing the problem can often clarify relationships and make it easier to set up equations. For example, a timeline can be helpful for age problems, and a table can organize information for mixture problems.
Read the problem carefully to understand the scenario and identify what is being asked.
Check your answer. Once you have a solution, plug it back into the original problem statement or equations to ensure it makes sense and satisfies all conditions. This is a crucial step to catch errors.
Practice Makes Perfect
Consistent practice with a variety of word problems is essential. Focus on understanding the underlying logic rather than memorizing formulas. The more you practice, the more intuitive translating words into math will become.
Learning Resources
Official GRE preparation materials from ETS, covering strategies and examples for word problems.
Kaplan's comprehensive guide to algebraic word problems, including common types and problem-solving techniques.
A detailed video tutorial breaking down common GRE word problem types and how to solve them.
Manhattan Prep's blog offers in-depth articles and strategies for tackling GRE algebra, including word problems.
The Princeton Review provides a structured approach to GRE word problems with tips and examples.
A reference for essential GRE math formulas, many of which are directly applicable to word problems.
Official practice questions from ETS, including many word problems to test your understanding.
A foundational resource for reinforcing core algebra concepts essential for word problems.
Another excellent video resource that walks through the process of solving various GRE word problems.
General strategies for GRE quantitative reasoning that are highly applicable to word problems, such as estimation and back-solving.